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本站之前有多篇文章是介绍不同python的函数，现将这些文章整合一下。

素数判断函数

def IsPrime(n):
    if n<2:
        return False
    for i in range(2,n):
        if n % i==0:
            return False
    return True

计算每位数的阶乘的函数

def Factorial(n):
    sum1 = 0
    for i in str(n):
        i = int(i)
        fact = 1
        for j in range(2,i+1):
            fact *= j
        sum1 += fact
    return sum1

寻找互质数

for m in range(100,1000):
    guam = m
    nstr = str(m)
    n = nstr[::-1]
    if n[0] == '0':
        continue
    else:
        n=eval(n)
        guan = n
        r = m%n
        while r!= 0:
            m=n
            n=r
            r=m%n
        if n == 1:
            print('{}与{}互质'.format(guam,guan))

找出规定范围内每位数都是素数的数

for n in range(100,1000):   
    nstr=str(n)
    for s in nstr:
        ints=eval(s)
        if ints<2:
            break
        for i in range(2,ints):
            if ints%i==0:
                flag=False
                break
        else:
            flag=True            
        if not flag:
            break
    else:
        print(n)

寻找范围内的完数

for n in range(10,10000):
    st=""
    sum1=0
    for i in range(1,n):
        if n%i==0:
            st=st+str(i)+"+"
            sum1+=i
    if sum1==n:
        print("{}={}".format(n,st[:-1]))

最小公倍数

m = int(input("Please input the first num:"))
n = int(input("Please in put the second num:"))
p = m*n
r = m%n
while r != 0:
    m = n
    n = r
    r = m % n
print(p//n)

寻找4位降序数

import random
ls=[]
for i in range(30):
    x=random.randint(1000,9999)
    ls.append(x)
print(ls)
count=0
for t in ls:
    s=str(t)
    for j in range(len(s)-1):
        if s[j]<=s[j+1]:
            break
    else:
        print(s)
        count+=1
if count==0:
    print("无降序数")

实现读取json文件功能的部分函数

import os

def ReadJson(fn):
    retL = []
    f = open(fn, encoding = 'utf-8')
    for line in f:
        retL.append(eval(line.strip())[0])
        f.close()
        return retL

def ReadFiles(fp):
    retAll = []
    files = os.listdir(fp)
    for file in files:
        fa = fp + '\\' + file
        retT = ReadJson(fa)
        retAll += retT
    return retAll

获取Json字典中值数量最多的项目

def getContent(key):
    comL = []
    for item in ret:
        commentcnt = int(item[key])
        content = item['sth']
        comL.append((key,sth))
    comL.sort(key = lambda x:x[0], reverse = True)
    return comL
    maxCount = comL[0][0]

直角坐标系两点求距离

print("A、B两点坐标分别为A(x1,y1)、B(x2,y2)")
a=input("请输入x1：")
b=input("请输入y1：")
c=input("请输入x2：")
d=input("请输入y2：")
print("A和B两点之间的距离为：",end=" ")
print(round(pow(pow(eval(a)-eval(c),2)+pow(eval(b)-eval(d),2),0.5),1))
#上述式子由平面直角坐标系距离公式写出

通过if-elif-else计算税

income = eval(input('请输入月收入：'))
if income <= 2000:
    tax = 0
elif income > 2000 and income <=3000:
    tax = ( income - 2000 ) * 0.05
elif income > 3000 and income <=4000:
    tax = ( income - 3000 ) * 0.15 + 50
elif income > 4000 and income <=5000:
    tax = ( income - 4000 ) * 0.25 + 200
else:
    tax = ( income - 5000 ) * 0.35 + 450
print('月收入{:.2f}，调节税为{:.2f}'.format(income,tax))

生成指定项数的斐波拉契数列

list0 = [1,1]
terms = eval(input('斐波拉契数列的项数：'))
for i in range(terms-2):
    list0.append(list0[-2]+list0[-1])
print(list0)
for t in range(2,terms-1):    #t表示index
    num = list0[t]    #num为从列表中取出的数
    for k in range(2,t):    #k表示可能的因数
        if num%k == 0: 
            break
    else:
        print(num)

将分钟转化为X小时X分钟

min_time = eval(input('please input you num(minute):\n'))
hour = 0
while True:
    if min_time >= 60 :
        min_time -= 60
        hour += 1
    else:
        break
print('{}hours and {}minutes'.format(hour,min_time))

try-except-finally

try:
  try_suite     #监控这里的异常
except Exception:
  except_suite  #异常处理代码
else:
finally:
  finally_suite  #无论如何都执行

若有一个else,至少有一个except

format方法

list1=[1,2,3,4]             #stuid
list2=[98,67,89,80]       #c-score
list3=[100,90,83,62]      #m-score
list4=[90,98,100,82]      #e-score
stuid=input("请输入学生的学号：")
listid=eval(stuid)-1     #index
print("该学生成绩为语文{0}，数学{1}，英语{2}，总分{3}。".format(list2[listid],list3[listid],list4[listid],list2[listid]+list3[listid]+list4[listid]))

if-else实现注册功能

##operation:1register 2login 3changepwd 4logout
##在break之前为mode赋值实现切换功能
prompt = "Select the appropriate operation: 1:register 2:login 3:change-password 4:exit\n"
users = {}
mode = 0
while True:
    if mode == 0:
        print("We will use the 'num-' -like form to indicate what you are doing.")
        mode = input(prompt)
    elif mode == "1":
        while True:
            user = input("1-The user will now continue to be created.\n1-Type # to end.\n\n1-Please input your username.\n")
            if user == "#":
                 mode = 0                                                                                                                                              ##程序初始化              
                 break
            pwd = input("1-Please input your password now.\n")
            while True:
                if user == pwd:                  
                    print("1-Password is too weak!")
                    pwd = input("1-Please input your password now.\n")                                                                                  ##密码强度检查
                else:
                    break
            if user not in users:
                users[user] = pwd
            else:
                print("1-@@@Alert!The user already exists!")
    elif mode == "2":
        while True:
            user = input("2-Please input your username.\n2-Type # to end.\n")
            if user == "#":
                mode = 0                                                                                                                                                ##初始化
                break
            if user in users:
                pwd = input("2-Please input your password now.\n")
                if users[user] == pwd:
                    print("2-Login successfully!")
                else:
                    print("2-Wrong password provided!")
            else:
                mode = input("2-The user does not exist.\n2-Enter the function number provided before to switch to another function.\n")
                break                                                                                                                                                     ##实现功能跳转。
            break
    elif mode == "3":
        while True:
            user = input("3-Please input your username.\n3-Type # to end.\n")
            if user == "#":
                mode = 0                                                                                                                                                 ##初始化
                break
            if user in users:
                pwd = input("3-Please input your original password now.\n")
                if users[user] == pwd:
                    pwd1 = input("3-Correct password!\n3-Now please input the new password.\n")
                    while pwd1 == pwd:
                        pwd1 = input("3-The password is the same as the old one. Please re-enter it.\n")
                    if pwd1 == input("3-Please input your new password again!\n"):
                        users[user] = pwd1
                        print("3-Password updated successfully!")
                else:
                    print("3-Wrong password provided!")
            else:
                mode = input("3-The user does not exist.\n3-Enter the function number provided before to switch to another function.\n")
                break                                                                                                                                                        ##实现功能跳转。
            break
    else:
        break

获取hitokoto的api内容并且将其保存至HTML文件中

import time
import requests
start_num = eval(input('define start_num:\n'))
file_name = str(start_num) + '.html'
while True:
    stapi = requests.get('https://v1.hitokoto.cn/?encode=text')
    if stapi.text == '' :
        break
##    saying = str(input('define saying for {}.html:\n'.format(start_num)))
##    if saying == '' :
##        print('Empty!Empty!Empty!')
##        saying = str(input('define saying for {}.html:\n'.format(start_num)))
    #file_process-start
    f = open( 'D:\stapi\%s.html' % (start_num,) , 'x' , encoding='utf-8' )
##    f.write( '%s' % (saying,) )
    f.write( stapi.text )
    f.close()
    #file_process-end
##    print('success!{}.html:{}'.format(start_num,saying))
    print('success!{}.html:{}'.format(start_num,stapi.text))
    start_num += 1
    time.sleep(1)

format用法指南

<模板字符串>.format(<逗号分隔的参数>)

"I'm {}, I'm {} years old.".format('Tom','five')

在模板字符串中，大括号内有如下方法:{<参数序号>:<格式控制标记>}如模板字符串中有多个{}，且{}中没指定序号，按出现顺序对应参数。格式控制标记顺序:<填充><对齐><宽度><,><.精度><类型>等六个字段

<填充>：修改默认填充字符。

<对齐>：<左对齐，>右对齐，^居中对齐。

<宽度>：输出字符宽度。如实际位数小于指定宽度，默认以空格补充。反之，则按实际位数输出。

<,>：用于显示数字类型的千位分隔符。

<.精度>：对于浮点数，精度表示小数部分的有效位数；对于字符串，精度表示输出的最大长度，如果实际长度大于精度，仍输出精度指定的长度。

<类型>：表示输出整数和浮点数的格式规则。

1.对于整数类型，输出格式主要包括：b(二进制)，d(十进制)，o(八进制)，x(小写十六进制)，X(大写十六进制)等。

2.对于浮点数类型，输出格式包括：e(小写e指数形式)，E(大写E指数形式)，f(标准浮点形式)，%(百分比)。

附：format语法PDF

报错解释

SyntaxError:解释器语法错误
NameError:尝试访问一个未申明的变量
TypeError 数据类型不匹配
KeyError：请求一个不存在的字典关键字
IOError：输入输出错误（打开的文件不存在）
AttributeError: 尝试访问未知的对象属性
KeyError不存在字典关键字
ZeroDivisionError:除数为零
FileNotFoundError打开文件不存在
IndexError：请求的索引超过序列范围